About Fireflies : There are about 2,000 firefly species. These insects often live in humid regions of Asia. Fireflies also known as "Kajwa" are indeed fascinating creatures known for their bioluminescent displays. They use their light to “talk” to other fireflies and find a mate. They have special organs under their abdomens that take in oxygen. Inside special cells, they combine the oxygen with a substance called luciferin to make light with almost no heat. They use this light, called bioluminescence, to light up the ends of their abdomen. There are indeed thousands of species worldwide, each with its own unique flashing pattern used primarily for mating purposes. In India, particularly in May and June, these enchanting insects light up the night skies, engaging in their brief but vital reproductive cycle. There average life span is about 1-2 months only. 

Important : Please note that too much night time light can be harmful to wildlife, affecting their migration patterns and hunting abilities. For fireflies, light pollution interferes with their attempts to signal each other. So we need to explore and witness such gems of Nature with utmost care and precautions.

Kalavantin Durg, also known as Kalavantin Fort, is a historic hill fort located in the Western Ghats near Panvel, Maharashtra, India. Here's some information about it:

1. Location: Kalavantin Durg is situated in the Raigad district of Maharashtra, near the Prabalgad Fort. It's around 2,300 feet high and offers panoramic views of the surrounding valleys and hills.

2. History: The exact history of Kalavantin Durg is somewhat unclear, but it's believed to have been built during the Yadava Dynasty, which ruled the region in the 12th and 13th centuries. Later, it came under the control of the Bahmani Sultanate, and then the Mughals. Marathas captured it in the mid-18th century. Its strategic location made it an important fortification during various periods of history.

3. Architecture: The fort's architecture is impressive, with steep rock-cut steps leading to the summit. The route to the top involves climbing nearly vertical rock patches and staircases carved into the rock face. The fort was built primarily as a watchtower and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding Sahyadri mountain range and the Ulhas River.

4. Trekking: Today, Kalavantin Durg is a popular trekking destination, attracting adventure enthusiasts from around the country. The trek to the fort is challenging and requires physical fitness and stamina. It's not recommended for beginners or those with a fear of heights. However, for experienced trekkers, the climb offers an exhilarating experience amidst nature's beauty.

5. Safety: While the trek is thrilling, it's essential to exercise caution, especially during the monsoon season when the rocks can become slippery. Proper gear, including sturdy shoes and plenty of water, is essential. It's also advisable to trek with a knowledgeable guide who knows the terrain well.

6. Accessibility: Kalavantin Durg is accessible from both Mumbai and Pune. The nearest railway station is Panvel, from where you can take local transport to the base village of Thakurwadi. The trek starts from Thakurwadi and takes around 3-4 hours to reach the summit, depending on your pace and the weather conditions.

7. Cultural significance: Apart from its historical and trekking significance, Kalavantin Durg also holds cultural importance for the local communities. It's often visited by history enthusiasts and nature lovers alike, contributing to its preservation and popularity as a tourist destination.

Overall, Kalavantin Durg is a testament to the rich history and natural beauty of the Western Ghats region of India, offering visitors a chance to explore both its past and its present-day allure through trekking and adventure.